I am not Socrates, and I am uncomfortable to express myself all the time with high -pairing terms such as: “video payment”, “central processor device”, “ROM”, so I will immediately pump out a list of words that, a person far from the electronic world, may not smoke.
Stone is a processor.
Vidyuha – video payment.
Cache, operative, hard, flash – varieties of memory, the first two energy -dependent (t.e. They work with you when the computer is turned on), the second two, respectively, are energy -dependent, and with the computer turned off, they save data for five years.
BIOS, Biosnya – the basic input system of the output – Shnyaga, which, before the launch of the axis, launches the entire hardware filling of the computer.
Computer – guess yourself.
Axis – operating system (SINDOSS, Linux, FreeBSD, Solaris, etc
Mother – motherboard.
1. General educational program and photos.
Quite often, when buying a new vidyushka, two questions arise: “Is it possible?”And” Do you need?”. T.e. Will it start, and if so, will it work at full power? Here’s this blow to these questions and will try to answer expanded.
In the era of the distant 90s, Vidyakha was a device for a stupid output on the information screen, which is spinning in the guts of your computer. The process itself was quite simple.The controller on the video card is tick at a frequency of a couple of dozens of Meghartz, and distilled the binary code (from zero and one) coming from the tire to the mother, to the color control signals on the VGA-sampling color. It was necessary to encode the brightness of red, green and blue components (Redgreenblue – RGB) to get any plenty of color. For example, in the good old mode of 256 colors, which was still popular on the 95th and 98th Windows, this required 8 bit.
Red: 00000000 / Green: 00000000 / Blue: 00000000 – Pixel is turned off, black color (screen backlight).
Red: 11111111 / Green: 11111111 / Blue: 00000000 – yellow color, because red and green are twisted to the maximum, and the blue is turned off at all. Well, in short, I’m sure that not the only one who mixed the paint in the kindergarten.
In hexadecimal code it looks more compact: $ ffff00. However, these codes are still used when layout of the HTML website in a notebook.
Video stone was attached its own video memory (2.4.8.16 MB), in which information about each pixel was stored page. Moreover, the microcircuits were then in soldered buildings, and, if desired, the controller could be replaced with a more advanced one, and, even, if there were straight hands, add video memory purchased in the radio store.
What is a modern video card? This is a huge video combine, hundreds of times more powerful than the rest of the computer, which is no longer the image, but only the instructions of what needs to be shown, and draws exclusively itself. Now everything is stored in the memory, data on the geometry of the three-dimensional model, textures from it and the physically correct calculation of light, which, then passing through the shader unit, are converted into pixel, and, finally, will pass post-processing (using the same shadeers). Sheder – roughly speaking, a video card program. How it differs from the usual? All. For this, nanicabis about the fact that the processor generally knows how.
Secret Knowledge: Core i7 for 30,000 rubles, in fact, knows nothing but two main things: to add and move the discharges!
Think for yourself:
subtraction is algebraic addition.
Multiplication is multiple addition.
division – multiplication of the back.
Building to degree is multiple multiplication.
Most functions (sinuses, tangenes, logarithms, etc.) are taken from specific numerical values and are laid out in rows, which are essentially adding, multiplication and erection to degree ..
Negative, fractional and imaginary numbers – in binary form are achieved due to tricks with additional control categories (bits), which the processor can only … correctly – move.
From these two simple teams, all other binary (assembler level) operations are added to the operation from which everything else comes. T.e. When in some CPU-Z, you see that your processor supports a set of MMX, SSE4 procedures.0 – this is just a list of simple operations that your pebble can do (CISC – architecture with a full set of teams). Assembler is a lower -level programming language, the main lesson in which: smoke a manual in the intestines of a particular chip. (I say this according to the modest experience of the microcontrollers.) But, you know how cheerfully to read, comments on schoolchildren on Yandex-market, lamenting that their freshly coooped bark of that duo does not support the last SSE 4 package. Moreover, of course they know what it is))))))))
All of the above is an extremely simplified representation, but this is enough for you to understand that for a certain time the processor can numerically calculate, with any accuracy.
Here is just Vidyukha, to count some fucking sinus up to the 75th sign after aim. The monitor with a resolution of 1920 x 1080, still, will not display an error of 0.0001 meter somewhere there, on that edge of the texture. And even if he displays, the player in the fusion of the excitement will still not notice the nifiga. Therefore, why consider some functions if their values can be scored in memory in advance, in the form of a constant with a certain accuracy! And most assembler procedures certain viduuhi processor nuclei are simply not needed. T.e. In your Radeon HD7970, 1,500 with nuclear cords and each is doing its own business (RISK – architecture with a reduced set of teams), simultaneously pulling out the necessary constants from memory. By the way, the nuclei means an ALU block (folder, engine discharge) and UU (for communication ALU with the rest of the inner world of the video card).
From here it turns out, the https://wilberforceinstitute.uk/refer-a-friend-casino-bonus following:
1) In graphic programs, the main stone smokes lazily in the corner, sending the video card command, and that does what she can best, creates and draws. And the whole process from creating geometry to drawing the last post effect is called rendering. Now I hope it is clear that the shader programming language should have its street magic.
2) from the first paragraph, it follows that in games and heavy graphic programs, it is the video card that is crucial for the number of frames per second. But, it should be remembered that the faster the video card, the faster she will ask the main stone what to do. Therefore, a combination of the type Pentium 4 + GT660TI – of course, is possible, but the percent is so old that it will not even have time to tell Vidaha what she needs to do. As the seasoned “ironers” say: “The video card simply will not reveal itself”.
3) you can share video cards by profile: office, gaming, professional.
The first, these are the clinics where the most minimum is left for the comfortable operation of office programs and graphic fintiflies of the last axes.
The second – ordinary video cards designed for rendering (games, 3DS Max, etc.)
Others are not so much intended for image as for laborious calculations. All the same, you agree, use 800 nuclei instead of four – a very seductive prospect. There are special software and drivers to them, with which some underwater stones of a reduced set of commands are smoothed out. As a result, the third Battlefield cannot be launched on them, but you can greatly speed up the calculation in ANSYS. Engineering sape, in which ordinary calculations can go for days. // I will not consider them further.
4) In addition, the video fees are divided by their cost:
Budget segment GT610-640 at a price of 3-4 thousand rubles.
Middle Class: GT640 (with acceleration)-GT660TI/670 4-11000 wooden.
Premium segment: GT670-690 (HD7970/90)-the average price of which begins with 12000.
HEEND CLASS: ASUS MARS II piece products, the cost of which at the time of sale is 40-80k.
2. Take or not take.
Having set out the materiel and grains of secret knowledge, the most logical to consider the selection criteria for that single of the thousand items. I will consider only more or less critical parameters. With the name or maximum resolution, everything should be intuitive – the worse it looks – the cooler.
-> Graphic processor.
The selected series is implied here. For example, now in AMD HD7 *** and GTX6 **. These two episodes offer the most modern rendering algorithms, and more moderate capacities (read, temperatures) in reference configuration, respectively, are more expensive.
Their predecessors were more hot, especially in Zylennoye GeForcs. Many with “warmth in the heart” recall the 480s and 580s, which, under acceleration, during some meter 2033 could easily replace the heater. As for performance, it is, as it were, shifted by a step, that is, GTX470-GTX560-GTX650, in theoretical tests it will be closest neighbors (but not a fact!). Similarly, 4850-5670-6550.
Postfix TI (GTX560TI) – means that from this vidyushka there are many things screwed up at the factory, clenched and dispersed.
The red simpler, 6950 – a typical representative, 6930 – cut, 6970 – varked. Sometimes, the issue of increasing steepness is solved by licking the BIOS, but so lucky is far from everywhere.
690 and 6990 – t.n. Two -headed monsters, t.e. Two video cards merged into one. They have two separate processors, doubled video memory, and indeed everything is doubled. Unless in addition to power and price tags, which is the main benefit.
-> Connection interface
These are claims to the Maternage Slot. Once upon a time, ISA and AGP were in use. Now only PCI-Express. 1.0/2.0/3.0 – compatible, the difference in speed and width of the tires.
-> Nucleus/shader block/memory frequencies
Also by principle, the more the better and … hotter.
In nuclei, the average frequencies are: 600 MHz-cold scraps, 800-1000 MHz-game segment, 1000+-factory and/or amateur acceleration.
Shaders hang out somewhere in the same place.
But the memory has everything is much more cunning, there are effective and real frequencies. Several chips faraled on the tire will work at real frequencies of 1000-1200 MHz, while their effective frequency can already reach 6,000. The difference in performance between 4000 and 6000, of course, will be, but, in my modest look, this is still, to a greater extent, PR for the puppies of pushing their own products.
When choosing frequencies, you need to clearly figure out how much you take the device. 800 Magaucheart Videcarte accelerated to 1300 can easily accumulate in a year. Whether you believe it or not, but at higher temperatures, the semiconductor filling of the processor degrades much faster, especially when you consider that the size of one component on a 28nm crystal.
-> The volume and discharge of video memory.
Principle – the more the better – works fine here. Another thing is that if you take a video card for the next year and a half, then chasing the 6th gigs of video memory is just stupid. Take a gig-two, but with a bus 256-384-512 bits, in my opinion a much more profitable investment. This tesselar will not devour more than necessary, and besides, the consoles are in no hurry to update. True, when they get up, and some Beyond Good and Evil 2 will come out, then all that weaker than the Nonnie Hiend class can immediately be thrown away or choke on the 15th FPS on compressed textures. It is then that it will be extremely useful to look at the number 4, in the graph, the volume of video memory.
-> The number of universal processors
This refers to the number of nuclei. The more they are busy in the work, the faster the video card draws the image, and drives data on a shader conveyor, the more logical it is to have a larger volume of video memory on board. Excuse me, but to overpay for the second gig video memory to some GTX630, for the sake of starting to start something with the shabby textures at 15 fps-this is stupid. In general, PR, such a PR ..
-> Number of texture blocks/rasterization blocks
Not a critical requirement in general. This is just a subtle hint of what and how many nuclei will be approximately busy and how organized.
-> Power consumption (TDP) and type of video card power
In explicitly, this parameter is not written everywhere, but purely empirically can be determined as follows:
-if there are no subpoons, then 50-80 watts
-If one six-eight-pin- then 100-180 watts
-If two six-eight-pin- then 180-300 watts
If your video card is voracious, then it makes sense to buy a decent power supply.
Of course, you can run the HD6870 in a compartment with the Core Duo E6700 on a 350 -free PSU, but when it comes to a serious load, you are turned off. What to say there if the stone is more powerful and hot. Therefore, the power of the PSU is always selected with a good margin. In addition, we must always remember that in the PR-image on the boxes of blocks they always write power close to maximum. That is, the more expensive the block, the closer to the truth what is written on the box. 600 vatta non -Korea non -Korea are blown up already at a load of one and a half times less, therefore, the lowest quality criterion in general, FSP products should be considered. Although mine, for 550W, for 1900r, managed to throw a surprise, in the form of a switch on the back wall for the third time.
A simple calculation of the power of the PSU, with a margin for all occasions for any processor: we multiply the approximate power of the video card by 2 and add 50 watts. Those recommendations that are usually written on boxes are garbage. For example, under my XFX 6870, 600 or 700 -WATTLE PSU was strongly recommended. When it is more than 250 is simply not able to devour (the coils on the board can not withstand the current strength). Bottom line, 250*2+50 = 550W. – enough for the eyes and ears for everything about everything. Even under overclocking, even under hardware! And about the fact that it can be calmly on 350 watt, I already said. Another thing is that playing in this situation will not work in heavy games.
-> Dimensions, the number of the occupied slots.
Here is purely visually, in the store you need to determine whether the monster will fit into your system system or not. I am sure that two four-sloping sandwiches HD7970, you cannot stupidly put in the mini-tower, not to insert somewhere))) ..
If everything is clear with the top systems, then what to do when there is little money, and you also need to buy a stone, mother, memory and make a game machine out of this?
Stones, starting with Core i5 2500 – will allow any vidyuhe to open by 100%. However, only a video card remains a defining factor for games. It is better to save on the processor frequency and invest in a more powerful adapter. At the same time, no one prevents you from taking something from the previous generation, but an older number (see. Explanations above), unless of course the price allows.
Under the cliffs, such as pentiums and duo, it makes sense to take something higher than the 67th series from AMD from DOP. food, no. These stones are more than 45-50 FPS, in new games they will not squeeze out absolutely definitely. But this does not apply to quad, all the same, 4 nuclei are in Africa 4 nuclei.
Chase the 6th gigs of video memory and PCI-Express 3 bus.0, if you do not have a top -hand mother, it is also useless.
About the nuances of the BP – in another article.
Probably on such a neutral note, it is worth immediately crossing the positive and quietly say goodbye to the next iron, if they, of course, will be.